THE WORKS OF SANKARA

VIVEKA CHUDAMANI

SLOKAS 111 TO 120

 
¢vXEpS¢³    rjs:    ¢@ya¢Ïmka
yt:    p#v¦¢äO:    p#s¦ta    p¤raN£    ,
ragadyaE{Þya:    p#Bv¢Ót    ¢nÏy|
Ѥ:KadyaE    yE    mnsaE    ¢vkara:    ,   111   ,  
¢vXEpS¢³   ViksepaSakti or projecting power
rjs:   Rajas has its
¢@ya¢Ïmka   of the nature of an activity
yt:   from which
p#v¦¢äO:   has emanated
p#s¦ta   this primeval flow
p¤raN£   is old
ragadyaE{Þya:   attachment and grief
p#Bv¢Ót   are produced
¢nÏy|   continually
Ѥ:KadyaE   misery and others
yE   mnsaE   mental modifications
¢vkara:   change of moods
 
111.  Rajas is the power to project, the source of all desires and disturbances of the mind, sorrow and pain and therefore of bondage.
kam:    @aEDaE    laEBdØBaïs¥ya{
h|karEx¯yaImÏsraïaÞt¤    GaEra:    ,
DmaI    etE    rajsa:    p¤Øp#v¦¢äO
yIÞmadExa    td#jaE    bÓDhEt¤:    ,   112   ,  
kam:   lust
@aEDaE   anger
laEBdØBaïs¥ya{   greed,arrogance,ill will
h|karEx¯yaImÏsraïaÞt¤    egoism,envy,jealousy, etc.,
GaEra:   dreadful attributes
DmaI   etE   these are the
rajsa:   of Rajas,
p¤Øp#v¦¢äO   from which the worldly tendency of man is produced
yIÞmadExa   therefore
td#jaE   Rajas is the
bÓDhEt¤:   cause of bondage.
 
112.  Lust, anger, greed,envy etc, are the qualities generated by Rajas.
exa{{v¦¢äOnaIm    tmaEg¤NÞy
S¢³yIya    vÞÏvvBastE{ÓyTa    ,
sWxa    ¢ndan|    p¤âxÞy    s|s¦tE
¢vIXEpS³E:    p#vNÞy    hEt¤:    ,   113   ,
exa{{v¦¢äOnaIm   Avrti or the veiling power
tmaEg¤NÞy   is the power of Tamas
S¢³yIya   which makes things
vÞÏvvBastE{ÓyTa   appear other than what they are
sWxa   ¢ndan|   It is this that causes
p¤âxÞy   man's repeated
s|s¦tE   transmigrations
¢vIXEpS³E:   of the projecting power (Viksepa)
p#vNÞy   the action
hEt¤:   starts

113.  Tamas has the qualities of covering, veiling, and masking, that alter appearances, and in it lies dormant the power of rajas.
p#åOavan¢p    p¢ÎftaE{¢p    ct¤raE{ÔyÏyÓts¥ßmaÏmèg¯
Ûyal£FÞtmsa    n    vE¢äO    bh^Da    s|baE¢DtaE{¢p    sP[zm¯    ,
B#aÓÏyaraE¢ptmEv    saD¤    klyÏyalØbtE    tdqg¤Nan¯
hÓtasaW    p#bla    ѤrÓttms:    S¢³mIhÏyav¦¢äO:    ,   114   ,
p#åOavan¢p   even wise
p¢ÎftaE{¢p   and learned men
ct¤raE{ÔyÏyÓts¥ßmaÏmèg¯    men who are clever and adept in the vision of the exceedingly subtle Atman
Ûyal£FÞtmsa   are overpowered by tamas
n   vE¢äO   do not understand
bh^Da   in various ways
s|baE¢DtaE{¢p  sP[zm¯   even though clearly explained
B#aÓÏyaraE¢ptmEv   is superimposed by delution
saD¤   as true
klyÏyalØbtE   consider and attach
tdqg¤Nan¯   themselves
hÓtasaW   Alas! how powerful
p#bla   is the great
ѤrÓttms:   of dreadful tamas
S¢³mIhÏyav¦¢äO:    is the great AvrtiSakti
 
114.  Tamas  totally precludes the understanding of the Atman even by the most intelligent; it takes Maya to be the Atman.

ABavna    va    ¢vpr£tBavna
s|Bavna    ¢vp#¢tp¢äOrÞya:
s|sgIy¤³|    n    ¢vm¤·¢t    D#¤v|
¢vXEpS¢³:    XpyÏyj*m¯    ,   115   ,
ABavna   va   absence of the right judgement
¢vpr£tBavna   or contrary judgement
As|Bavna   want of definite belief
¢vp#¢tp¢äOrÞya:   doubt- these certainly
s|sgIy¤³|   one who has any connection
n   ¢vm¤·¢t   never desert
D#¤v|   definitely
¢vXEpS¢³:   this veiling power
XpyÏyj*m¯   and then the projecting power gives ceaseless trouble.
 
115.   Wrong judgement, constant disbelief and doubt are marks of the Tamas which leave the individual restless.
AåOanmalÞyjfÏv¢nd#a
p#madm¥FÏvm¤KaÞtmaEg¤Na:    ,
etW:    p#y¤³aE    n¢h    vE¢äO    ¢k|¢c
¢°d#al¤vt¯ÞtØBvdEv    ¢t¿¢t    ,   116   ,  
AåOanmalÞyjfÏv¢nd#a   ignorance, weariness, dullness and sleep
p#madm¥FÏvm¤KaÞtmaEg¤Na:    not properly attentive, stupidity etc., are attributes of tamas
etW:   p#y¤³aE   one tied to these
n¢h   vE¢äO   does not comprehend anything
¢k|¢c   but
¢°d#al¤vt¯ÞtØBvdEv    like one asleep or like a stock or stone
¢t¿¢t   remains.
 
116. Such a person remains in ignorance, in sleep and stupor with no comprehension, like a stone pillar.
sÏv|    ¢vS¤Ñ¯D|    jlväOTa¢p
ta×ya|    ¢m¢lÏva    srNay    kÚptE    ,
yæOaÏm¢bØb:    p#¢t¢bØbt:    sn¯
p#kaSyÏykI    iva¢Kl|    jfm¯    ,   117   ,  
sÏv|   pure sattva
¢vS¤Ñ¯D|   is clear
jlväOTa¢p   like water
ta×ya|   with rajas
¢m¢lÏva   in conjunction
srNay   for transmigration
kÚptE   it makes
yæOaÏm¢bØb:   the reality of the Atman
p#¢t¢bØbt:  sn¯   becomes reflected
p#kaSyÏykI   reveals like the sun
iva¢Kl|   the entire world
jfm¯   of matter.
 
117.  Sattva is pure and helps liberation. It is light that illuminates, and manifests the Atman.
¢m½Þy    sÏvÞy    Bv¢Ót    DmaI
ÞÏvma¢ntaïa    ¢nyma    ymaïa:    ,
½Ñ¯Da    c    B¢³à    m¤m¤X¤ta    c
dWv£    c    sØp¢äOrs¢°v¦¢äO:    ,   118   ,
¢m½Þy   mixed
sÏvÞy   the traits of sattva
Bv¢Ót   are
DmaI   an utter absence
ÞÏvma¢ntaïa   of pride etc.,
¢nyma   Niyama
ymaïa:   Yama etc.,
½Ñ¯Da   c   as well as faith
B¢³à   devotion
m¤m¤X¤ta  c   yearning for liberation
dWv£   c   the divine tendencies
sØp¢äOrs¢°v¦¢äO:    and turning away from the unreal.
 
118.   Sattva becomes mixed with rajas and tamas and leads to positive qualities in different degrees like faith, devotion, contentment, desire for liberation, truthfulness, abbbsnce of greed etc.  
¢vS¤Ñ¯DsÏvÞy    g¤Na:    p#sad:
ÞvaÏman¤B¥¢t:    prma    p#Sa¢Ót:    ,
t¦¢çO:    p#hxI:    prmaÏm¢n¿a
yya    sdanÓdrs|    sm¦ÅC¢t    ,   119   ,
¢vS¤Ñ¯DsÏvÞy   of pure sattva
g¤Na:   the traits
p#sad:   are cheerfulness
ÞvaÏman¤B¥¢t:   the realization of one's own self
prma   supreme
p#Sa¢Ót:   peace
t¦¢çO:   contentment
p#hxI:   bliss
prmaÏm¢n¿a   steady devotion to the Atman
yya   by which
sdanÓdrs|   the aspirant
sm¦ÅC¢t   enjoys bliss everlasting.
 
119.     Pure Satttva is a state of bliss, peace, good cheer, and abiding in the self.

AÛy³mEt¢æOg¤NW¢nIâ³|
tÏkarN|    nam    Sr£rmaÏmn:    ,
s¤x¤¢çOrEtÞy    ¢vBÀÏYvÞTa
p#l£nsv©I¢Ód#yb¤¢ÑGv¦¢äO:    ,   120   ,  
AÛy³mEt¢æOg¤NW¢nIâ³|    this Undifferentiated,spoken of as the compound of thethree gunas
tÏkarN|   is the cause
nam   namely
Sr£rmaÏmn:   causal body of the soul
s¤x¤¢çOrEtÞy   profound sleep is
¢vBÀÏYvÞTa   its special state
p#l£nsv©I¢Ód#yb¤¢ÑGv¦¢äO:    in which the functions of the mind and all its organsare suspended.
 
120. The three qualities take their origin fom the undifferentiated Avyakta, and is marked by the state of Sushupti or deep sleep.

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